Cervical cytology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cervical cytology - Essay Example Other epidemiological risk factors for the development of this disease include sexual activity at an early age, a large number of different sexual partners, cigarette smoking, the use of oral contraceptives and additional socio-economic factors (Office of National Statistics UK, 2003b).   Cervical screening is one of the most effective approaches to detect early cellular pre-cancerous changes in order to prevent the occurrence of cervical carcinoma. The procedure is relatively simple and involves the removal of cells from the surface of the cervix using an instrument called a speculum (Kitchener 2006). This can be performed in several minutes time in a physician’s office. These cells are then spread on a microscope slide, called a smear, which is then analysed by a trained cytologist for the presence of abnormal cells or tissue that may presage the early stage development of cervical carcinoma.  When early cellular changes that may be pre-cancerous are  detected by cervical screening, there are follow-up procedures that can be implemented to prevent the further progression of tissue abnormalities to cancerous lesions of the cervix (Kitchener 2006). These procedures involve the removal of cervical tissue from the affected area and a detailed histological as sessment to ensure that all abnormal tissue is excised to prevent the further development of disease.   Cervical screening techniques were the brain-child of physician Georges Papanicolaou who developed this screening method to detect early stage cervical pre-cancerous lesions. Since then, the â€Å"pap smear† as it is called in honor of its discoverer, has been used world-wide for the routine screening of females in an effort to decrease the incidence of this common type of gynecological cancer in women. Despite the availability of this reasonably simple and inexpensive screening test, cervical carcinoma continues to extract a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide (Kitchener 2006).

My First Day Essay Essay Example for Free

My First Day Essay Essay My First Day†¦ As of today, August 30th, I, Blah blah blah, took the initiative to explore the entire campus. Today, the temperature could have possibly been right at about 93 degrees, and I decided to walk around this gigantic campus to waste time before my next class. During orientation week, I missed the campus tours because I was too busy sleeping my day away. So, what other way to compensate for lost time than to take my very own campus tour? Initially, I intended to look for the art buildings, but the best thing I discovered after my journey today happened to be the fact that the art buildings were being reconstructed. Just my luck. However, I did find the Knight Physics building which happens to be absolutely gorgeous. I also happened to stumble across the school’s arbortorium. I felt like I was walking through a jungle with my combat boots on and the leaves hovering above my head. I walked around in a circle and found my way to the school of law. The school of law is literally like its own kingdom within the campus. The students had their own law shirts, and the windows of the classroom even had curtains to block the sun out. I know curtains are a pretty simplistic observation, but I could not help but to find that fascinating! I have failed to sit in any classroom that had panels to block the sun. Only in the law school at the University of . As I walked away from the law school, I made my way towards the UC area and back around towards the Rat. Passing the vivacious students lounging with their friends, I hiked around the lake under the scorching sun wishing that I had a bottle of water, a hat, and maybe even some sun glasses. The heat was pretty unbearable. Passing between the Hecht and Stanford towers, I ventured towards the school of architecture. That is one white building. I expected it to be more lavish in its exterior design seeing that it is the school of architecture. I walked past the school of architecture and head back towards Mahoney-Pearson. I know that area pretty well. is my new home for now. As I left the Mahoney-Pearson area, I circled around towards the UC area again and crossed the winding paths towards the Whitten Learning Center. There was approximately 10 minutes left to spare before class started, and the brightest idea that I came up with all day was†¦ to finally sit down!

European union came into existence

European union came into existence European Union European Union came into existence with an endeavor to stop the war between the bordering countries and to maintain the peace and harmony throughout the Europe. European Union is constructed on the principles of stability and to promote the prosperity among European nations with presence of security. Recent recession has affected each and every part of the world, though it has a differential effect on each country. Some country has been most affected by it on the other hand some countries are least affected. Europe has been badly affected by the recession this has induced European union to draw a recovery strategy for the next ten years to see a prosperous and a competitive Europe in terms of knowledge and market growth. Effect of financial crisis on European nation Unemployment: financial crisis has lead to an increase in the unemployment and still number of jobs are been laid off from different sectors irrespective of the output, just to minimize and to compensate the previous losses (Andrew Watt, 2009). A report by the European Union tells that in Europe around twenty three million people are unemployed (European Union, 2010). The countries which are most severely affected by the recession and which led to unemployment are Latvia where unemployment rate arose linearly from 11% to 28.2% and the country which was least affected by the recession was Poland, its unemployment rate just arose marginally from 17.8% to 18.2% and its GDP remain constant in comparison to the eastern Europe and a central Europe (European union, 2009). From the unemployment point of view, it is been seen that the financial sector is most affected as compare to the other sectors throughout the Europe. In a report by â€Å"International Labour Organization† the bank s in Ireland are shedding maximum number of jobs. Similarly Dexia bank which is a joint venture between France and Belgium is also shedding large number of jobs. In the UK condition is worse as banks like Barclays and HSBC are laying off thousands of its employs (International Labour Organization, 2009). Export and import weaken: the recession also affected the export and import business of the EU27. The export business which contributes a lot to the economy faced a sharp decline and it could not help in balancing or reversing the effect of recession. It was recorded that during the period of 2008-2009 at the peak of recession, the export business of the United Kingdom fell to 6.9% which is the sharpest decline and which is never recorded in the UK history of export business and its import fell by 1.6% (Kathryn Hopkins, 2010). In euro zone there are countries like Germany, Netherlands and Sweden whose economies to a larger extent are reliant on the export business and at the time of recession they contributed very less to the GDP. They were only able to contribute half of the original contribution to its GDP and a country like France was able to contribute just  ¼ to the GDP. This affected the economy of the European nations badly, though not taking full advantage of the weaken eur o for doing the export business. All together EU27 GDP was reported to be -4% (Media Eghbal, 2009). Mergers and acquisitions: recession has not been beneficial in terms of mergers and acquisitions to Europe. Recession made MA at its lowest from the previous years but still there were some MA taking place within Europe, for example Lactalis a France based company buyed Ladorma a Romania based company and Rochea a Switzerland based company bought its share from Genentech Ltd (Claudiu Vranceanu, 2008). But it has been beneficial to developing countries like India and China, as number of mergers and acquisitions were taking place by them in Europe in 2008-2009. It was noticed that British company jaguar and land rover were acquired by the Indian automaker Tata, to make the British company free from the problem of cash flow (BBC, 2008). Similarly acquisition of Schoeweiss of Germany by the Indian auto maker Mahindra and Mahindra (Nimish Sharma, 2010). Decline in the Inflation rate with a threat of deflation: recession had a positive impact on a euro zone in a way that the inflation which was increasing from day to day basis prior recession, started to decline. In Europe it was recorded that the inflation reduced from 4% in the beginning of 2008 to 2.1% at the end of the year (Media Eghbal, 2009), as there was a shortage of cash flow in the market. In addition to this price of oil were also low, which resulted in the lower inflation rate throughout the Euro zone (Adrian Nash, 2008). It was predicted by the researchers that the consumers will be waiting for the cheaper commodity which will make them defer there purchase for the moment and that would affect the producers and the investors. This would deepen the nature of recession. Decline in the industrial production and reduction in revenue: it was experience for the first time that the Europe27 had a negative industrial growth, country like Germany known for its technicality and capability faced a technical recession for the first time in history, with a negative growth. Same was a fate of all European countries; they also faced a negative growth for example France with -.5%, Italy with -.7% and Spain with -.6% (Euro monitor, 2009). Weak currency and decline in interest rate in Europe: in the recession it was recorded that the euro was as its lowest as compared to the US dollar and UK pound and it was still not taking the advantage of doing the international business in terms of export. To minimize the effect of recession and to bring in the stability the Europe central bank steadily started to cut down its interest rate throughout Europe to promote the investors to take risk and bring in some cash flow in market. Effect on the tourism industry: the European tourism industry was severely affected by the financial crisis. By a report from the commission of European tourism, which states that the Europe experienced a sharpest decline in comparison to other part of the world in terms of the tourism revenue. Similarly a report from the World Tourism Organization also confirmed that the Europe tasted a negative growth of -1.1% in the international tourism in the year 2008 and 2009 (Ivan Camilleri, 2010). Evaluating the strategy for recovery proposed by president Jose Manuel Barrosso The new strategy has been proposed, which is named as â€Å"Europe 2020† has been brought into the act as the Lisbon treaty which was been implemented from the past one decade has come to meet its deadline on 2010. The new strategy for 2020 Europe in some ways is similar to the Lisbon Treaty. As in both the treaties issues of growth and competition with the major countries were discussed. Similarly both the treaties formed the new policy structure and the guidelines for the implementation. But the new strategy for Europe 2020 has introduced some new initiatives, which in the past treaties have been introduced but never have been implemented. The Europe 2020 strategy focuses more on the global warning and on the techniques, which need to be researched and developed for the better future. References Andrew Watt. (2009). ‘The economic crisis in Europe. Available: http://www.europeanforumcyprus.eu/Source/sem4/prs_AndrewWatt.pdf. Last accessed 2 April 2010. Kathryn Hopkins. (2010). ‘January trade deficit widens as exports fall. Available: http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/mar/09/january-trade-deficit-widens. Last accessed 1April 2010. Media Eghbal. (2009). ‘The global financial crisis: recession bites into Western Europe. Available: http://www.euromonitor.com/The_global_financial_crisis_recession_bites_into_Western_Europe. Last accessed 1 April 2010. Claudiu Vranceanu. (2008). ‘Biggest mergers and acquisitions in 2008. Available: http://www.wall-street.ro/articol/English-Version/56433/Biggest-mergers-and-acquisitions-in-2008.html. Last accessed 4 April 2010. BBC. (2008). ‘Tata buys Jaguar. Available: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7313380.stm. Last accessed 1 April 2010. Nimish Sharma. (2010). ‘Mergers and acquisitions in times of financial crisis. Available: http://www.dare.co.in/strategy/business-essentials/mergers-and-acquisitions-in-times-of-financial-crisis.htm. Last accessed 28 March 2010. Adrian Ash. (2008). ‘inflation during recession. Available: http://whiskeyandgunpowder.com/inflation-during-recession/. Last accessed 5 April 2010. International Labour Organization. (2009). ‘Impact of financial crisis on financial sector. Available: 12. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/dgreports/dcomm/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_103263.pdf. Last accessed 7 April 2010. European Union. (2009). ‘Unemployment in Europe. Available: 14. http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=STAT/09/109. Last accessed 1 April 2010. Ivan Camilleri. (2010). ‘European tourism worst hit by recession. Available: http://www.tourismandaviation.com/news-475European_tourism_worst_hit_by_recession. Last accessed 7 April 2010. European Union. (2010). Europe 2020. Available: http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/president/news/statements/pdf/20102010_2_en.pdf. Last accessed 2 April 2010.

Different possible themes in The Yellow Wallpaper. -- English Literatu

Different possible themes in The Yellow Wallpaper. There are a couple different themes in the short story "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Feminism is the main theme in the story. Something else that could be a theme is being confined to a certain area, excluded from the public, can drive one insane. Another possible theme is control. Jane is controlled in her every move. These themes are shown to be true throughout the story. Feminism plays a huge role in this story. Back in the day women used to be looked upon as having no affect on society other than bearing children and keeping house. It was hard for women to express themselves in a world ran by males. The men had the jobs, the men had the knowledge, the men had everything that women didn't. It is different in today's time, but some of the old timers still believe the way they did back then. Wallpaper is a feminine product, and it symbolizes female imprisonment in this story. At first Jane uses the wallpaper to work on expanding her literary imagination. After John shoots down her creativi...

Amy Tan’s Mother Tongue Essay

There are thousands of languages in the world, such as Spanish, French, Chinese, English†¦However, No one can do better job in the second language than their mother language. In the article Amy Tan’s â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Amy Tan emphasized her idea that we speak different languages unconsciously and we are categorized by the way we talk. The author talked about her mother who is a Chinese emigrant wanted to provide her daughter a better environment to grow up and spoke â€Å"broken† and â€Å"limited† English, but anyway, Amy can still communicate with her mother without obstacles. Throughout the story Amy Tan uses pathos and ethos to tell us that how hard to gap the Asian American culture and still is for Asian Americans to work through the difficulties of the English languages. As a Chinese people having English for the second language, Amy Tan was difficult at times, but still. She overcome all the barriers and succeeds when no one thought she could. Even though that it will be extremely hard for us to succeed in a region that not belongs to us, but still there’s an opportunity for everyone to be a king. To be successful, we have to adapt the environment around us and meanwhile make efforts as much as possible. Amy tan uses ethos to prove this point according to her sentence â€Å"I’m not a scholar of English and literature, I cannot give you much more than personal opinions on the English language and its variations in this country or others. † Basically, she’s explaining that although she is not a native speaker, she still became an English writer and be succeed somehow. Amy Tan convinced people according to her own accomplishments that no matter where they are from, no matter what mother language they original own, they still have a chance to achieve an honor. People who speak â€Å"broken† or â€Å"limited† languages should be respected. Even though, they could not show their mind perfectly and confused others as well, they tried their best to prove themselves. After all, this is their second language, which need them, make huge efforts getting accustomed to it. In her book, â€Å"Mother Tongue†, Amy Tan tells us an experience in the ospital when her mother went to the doctor to get the result of CAT scan. The doctor despised her when she was complaining them about losing her scan result. It was not until Amy Tan talked to the doctor that they apologized and cared to solve the problem. Amy was fill with anger when she wrote â€Å"†¦and apologies for any suffering my mother had gone through for a most regrettable mistake. † Amy is insisting that people not taking a person seriously because their â€Å"broken† language can have dangerous consequence. In summary, people should be respected any way even if they cannot use it freely.

compulsary military service essays

compulsary military service essays Compulsory military service joung boys breed for joung man. Everyone have clear, when boy have 18, he have to go to military service, if he doesn`t studying in the university or school. Many of them are trying to dodge from compulsary military service, because in the public have a lot of stereotypes about military service. Forexample, army are laming people, when you are at the military service, you have lost one year from your life and so on. But it isn`t true. Compulsory military service are exciplating physical grounding. Trainings every day and other audits. All of them are perfecting physical health. I can give an example. I know one guy, who enlisted in compulsary military service. When he return home, he wanted to go back, because he was contented about this few months and wasn`t frustrated about military service. Why? He said that wants back trainigs in the mornings, because in the real life, he can`t afford to pay for training hall. Military service gives possibility to improve physical fitness. Segregated military service`s departmental can go abroad, if they are specilized team. There is also possibilitys to travel around the world, get new friends and learn more languages. There are some minuses too. Can to be on some adversity.- death, or be injured for someone. But it doesn`t happens every day. As we know, in Latvia have many problems with budget, we can`t afford to subsist professional military service in the Latvia. Consecration gives a little bit seasoned for life. It is not allowed to make a ritual for joung boys, elder are continue to do forbidden things. There was a one accident (I can`t remember, but I think, that in Aluksne), when one elder soldier killed jounger soldier. but there is one plus. Young soldiers are preparing to the every year ritual at the militaru service. They are training their brawns. Regain to the message, I would like to afforce, that nothing else excepting compulsary military...